The recovery and recycling of household waste leaves much to be desired in the Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary. Preparations for EU membership have seen all three post-Communist Central European countries struggle to meet EU requirements, although they have now provisionally closed the environment chapter. Limited transitional periods, however, have been granted where a substantial adaptation of infrastructure was required or where large amounts of investment needed to be spread over time. The Czech Republic and Hungary have until 2005, Poland until 2007, to launch an environmentally friendly system of recovering and recycling plastic, paper and glass.